For centuries, the symmetry remains a subject that fascinates philosophers, astronomers, mathematicians, artists, architects and physicists. The ancient Greeks were completely obsessed by it - and even today we are usually faced with the symmetry in everything from planning the location of our furniture to hair cutting.
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Broccoli Romanesco
Perhaps seeing broccoli romanesco in a store, you're thinking that this is another example of genetically-modified product. But in fact, this is another example of fractal symmetry of nature. Each inflorescence broccoli has a pattern of logarithmic spiral. Romanesco broccoli is similar in appearance, but the taste and texture - a cauliflower. It is rich in carotenoids and vitamins C and K, which makes it not only beautiful but also healthy food.
Honeycomb
For thousands of years, people have wondered ideal hexagonal honeycomb and ask yourself how bees can instinctively create a form that people can play with only a compass and a ruler. How and why the bees have a passionate desire to create hexagons? Mathematicians believe that this is the ideal form that allows them to store the maximum amount of honey, with a minimal amount of wax. In any case, it's all a product of nature, and it is pretty darn impressive.
Sunflowers Sunflowers
boast radial symmetry and interesting type of symmetry, known as the Fibonacci sequence. The Fibonacci sequence: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 24, 55, 89, 144, etc. (Each number is the sum of the previous two numbers.) If we do not hurry, and counted the number of seeds in a sunflower, we have found that increasing the number of spirals on the principles of the Fibonacci sequence. In nature, there are a lot of plants (including broccoli romanesco), petals, seeds and leaves are consistent with this sequence, so it is difficult to find a clover with four leaves.But why sunflowers and other plants to the mathematical rules? As hexagons in the hive, all of this - the question of effectiveness.
Nautilus shell
addition to plants, some animals, such as Nautilus, meet the Fibonacci sequence. Nautilus shell twists in the "Fibonacci spiral." Sink is trying to maintain the same proportional shape, which allows it to maintain it throughout life (as opposed to people who are changing the proportions throughout life). Not all have the Nautilus shell, lined up on the rules of Fibonacci, but they all meet the logarithmic spiral.Before you pozaviduete Clam-mathematicians, remember that they do not do it on purpose, just a form of the most rational for them.
Animals
Most animals have bilateral symmetry, meaning that they can be divided into two identical halves. Even people who have bilateral symmetry, and some scientists believe that the symmetry of the human being is the most important factor that affects our perception of beauty. In other words, if you have a lopsided face, it is hoped that this is compensated for by other good qualities.Some go to the full symmetry in an effort to attract a partner, such as a peacock. Darwin was positively annoyed that bird, and wrote in a letter that "the type of feathers in the tail of a peacock, whenever I look at it, makes me sick!" Darwin, the tail seemed burdensome and not having an evolutionary sense, since it did not fit his theory of "survival of the fittest." He was furious until he came up with the theory of sexual selection, which states that animals develop certain functions in order to increase their chances of mating. Therefore, the peacocks have different tools to attract a partner.
Web of
There are about 5,000 types of spiders, and they create an almost perfect circular saw blade with radial support threads almost equidistant and spiral cloth to catch prey. Scientists are not sure why spiders are so fond of geometry, since the tests showed that the circular blade is not lure the food better than the web of irregular shape. Scientists suggest that the radial symmetry evenly distributes the force of impact when the victim enters the network, which results in less disruption.
Crop circles
Give pair cheaters board, mowers and saving the darkness, and you will see that people also create a symmetrical shape. Due to the fact that the crop circles are complex design and incredible symmetry, even after the creators have admitted circles and demonstrated their skills, many people still believe that this is done by space aliens.As complications community has become increasingly clear their artificial origin. It is illogical to assume that the aliens will make your posts more difficult when we have not been able to decipher even the first of them.
No matter how they get there, crop circles nice treat, mainly because of their geometry impressive.
Snowflakes
Even such tiny education, like snowflakes, are governed by the laws of symmetry, since the majority of snowflakes has a hexagonal symmetry. This is in particular because the water molecules are arranged as, when solidified (crystallized). Water molecules acquire solid state form weak hydrogen bonds, they are aligned in an orderly arrangement, which balances the forces of attraction and repulsion, forming a hexagonal shape snowflakes. But each snowflake is symmetrical, but no snowflake is like any other. This is because falling from the sky, each snowflake is experiencing the unique atmospheric conditions that make it crystal placed in a certain way.
Milky Way Galaxy
As we have seen, the symmetry and mathematical models exist almost everywhere, but do these laws of nature are limited to our planet? Apparently not. Recently opened a new section on the edge of the Milky Way Galaxy, and astronomers believe that the galaxy is almost perfect mirror image of himself.
The symmetry of the Sun-Moon
Given that the Sun has a diameter of 1.4 million kilometers, and the Moon - 3474 km, it seems almost impossible that the moon can block sunlight and provide us about five solar eclipses every two year. How does this happen? Coincidentally, along with the fact that the width of the Sun is about 400 times larger than the Moon, the Sun is also 400 times farther away. Symmetry ensures that the Sun and the Moon are obtained the same size when viewed from Earth, so the moon can block out the sun. Of course, the distance from Earth to the sun can increase, so sometimes we see the ring and partial eclipse. But every one to two years is the exact alignment, and we witness a spectacular event known as a total solar eclipse. Astronomers do not know how common such symmetry of the other planets, but they think it's pretty rare. However, we should not assume that we are special, because it's all a matter of chance. For example, the Moon is moving away each year by about 4 inches away from the Earth, which means that billions of years ago, every solar eclipse would be a complete eclipse. If things keep going well, the full eclipse, eventually, disappear, and it will be followed by the disappearance of annular eclipses. It turns out that we are just in the right place at the right time to see this phenomenon.